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Overview

To keep the database username and password secure, PhixFlow is configured to use a keystore file. The

In version 11 the use of a keystore is optional, these instructions can be skipped if desired. In version 10 use of the keystore is required.

PhixFlow can use a keystore for:

  • a pepper string, which PhixFlow will add to local user passwords when encrypting them
  • the database username and password.

The pepper string and database account credentials are encrypted and stored here, along with their aliases. You can then use

the aliases

an alias to retrieve each secret

username and password

from the keystore.

To configure the keystore,

you will

use the Java keytool -importpass command at the command line.

Keytool Syntax

For reference, here is the full syntax and the values you will need to use. The steps below provide example commands.

Code Block<keytool> -importpass -alias <keyAlias> -keystore <pathToKeystoreFile> -storetype <keytype>

In the following examples, we have used

  • a file type of PKCS12. You can also use JCEKS.
  • a keystore name of keystore.jks. If you use a different name for the keystore, you must update its name in the phixflow-secret.xml configuration file.
See also


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Where:Is<keytool>
Windows command prompt"%JAVA_HOME%\bin\keytool.exe"Windows PowerShell &"$env:JAVA_HOME\bin\keytool.exe"Linux  $JAVA_HOME/bin/keytool 

<keyAlias> 

The alias for a username or password.

The phixflow-secret.xml configuration file refers to the <keyAlias> so that PhixFlow knows which encrypted secret to retrieve from the keystore.

After you enter an alias, the keytool prompts you to enter the corresponding username or password. This is the actual value that the database requires to permit access.

<pathToKeystoreFile>

The full path to the keystore file, for example:

  • Windows - C:\secure\name.jks
  • Linux - /opt/secure/name.jks
<keytype>Either PKCS12 or JCEKS.
Tip

The keytool does not differentiate between the secrets it stores so it always prompts for a password. Sometimes you will need to enter a username and others a password. The following instructions explain which you need to enter.

How to Set up a Keystore

Step 1  Create the keystore and the alias for the
Tip

When you run the keytool -importpass command, it always prompts for a "password". This is because the keytool does not distinguish between the secrets that it stores. At the prompt, enter the actual value you want to store securely.

Create the keystore and add the pepper string and its alias

If you are creating the keystore on Windows, you must use the backslash \ in the path. PhixFlow will not be able to read the pepper key value if you use the forward slash /.

Note
If you have follow the recommended instructions for installing Java (Install Java) the keytool program will be in your path. If you have take a different approach, you can find the keytool program under JAVA_INSTALLATION_HOME/bin.
  1. Run the -importpass command, specifying the alias: pepperkey 
    The alias is case-sensitive and must match phixflow-instance.xml: <prop key="pepperkey">pepperkey</prop>
    If you use a different alias, update phixflow-instance.xml to use the same alias.

  2. When prompted, enter the password you want to set for the keystore file, then re-enter to confirm it.
    Keep a secure record of this password.

    Tip

    If you are following these instructions to upgrade PhixFlow, and your keystore already exists, in step 2 enter the password for your keystore.
    See also: Adding Data to a Keystore


  3. When prompted for the password, enter the string you want to use to pepper user passwords. 
    We recommend this string has the same characteristics as a password. For example it should be a random string containing at least 6 letters, numbers and special characters. 
    Keep a secure record of the pepper key. 
Code Block
titleWindows Command Line Example
keytool -importpass -alias pepperkey -keystore C:\secure\keystore.jks -storetype PKCS12


Code Block
titleWindows Powershell Example
keytool -importpass -alias pepperkey -keystore C:\secure\keystore.jks -storetype PKCS12


Code Block
titleLinux Example
keytool -importpass -alias pepperkey -keystore /opt/secure/keystore.jks -storetype PKCS12


Populate the Keystore

Step 1  Add the database username

1.1 Run the -importpass command. In <keyAlias> specify , specifying the alias username for the PhixFlow database, for example phixflow-database-user.

1.2 When prompted, enter the keystore password.

1.3 When prompted for the password, enter the actual username for the PhixFlow database, for example phixflow. 

Code Block
titleWindows Command Line
keytool -importpass -alias phixflow-database-user -keystore C:\secure\keystore.jks -storetype PKCS12


"%JAVA_HOME%\bin\keytool"
Code Block
titleWindows Powershell Example
keytool -importpass -alias phixflow-database-user -keystore C:\secure\hiddenkeystore.jks -storetype PKCS12


Code Block
titleLinux
:$JAVA_HOME/bin/
Code Block
Example
keytool -importpass -alias phixflow-database-user -keystore /opt/secure/hiddenkeystore.jks -storetype PKCS12

1.2 When prompted, enter the password you want to use for the keystore file, then re-enter to confirm it.

1.3 When prompted for the password or secret to be stored, enter the actual username for the PhixFlow database, for example phixflow. 

Step 2  Add the database password and alias to the keystore file

2.1.  Repeat   Run the -importpass command . In <keyAlias> specify specifying the alias password for the PhixFlow database, for example phixflow-database-password.

2.2  When prompted, enter the keystore password.

Windows:

Code Block"%JAVA_HOME%\bin\keytool"

2.3 When prompted for the password, enter the actual password for the PhixFlow database.

Code Block
titleWindows Command Line Example
keytool -importpass -alias phixflow-database-password -keystore C:\secure\hiddenkeystore.jks -storetype PKCS12

Linux:


$JAVA_HOME/bin/
Code Block
Code Block
titleWindows Powershell Example
keytool -importpass -alias phixflow-database-password -keystore C:\secure\hiddenkeystore.jks -storetype PKCS12

2.2  When prompted, enter the password for the keystore file. This is the same password you set in step 1.2. This time the password opens the keystore.

2.3 When prompted for the password or secret to be stored, enter the actual password for the PhixFlow database.

Step 3 
Code Block
titleLinux Example
keytool -importpass -alias phixflow-database-password -keystore /opt/secure/keystore.jks -storetype PKCS12

Configure Phixflow

The configuration process differs between version 10 and version 11. 

Please follow the relevant instructions below.

Expand
titleVersion 11

The following settings need to be configured in local.properties or as environment variables.

Insert excerpt
Server Configuration Properties
Server Configuration Properties
nameKeystore
nopaneltrue


Expand
titleVersion 10

Step 1  Configure phixflow-datasource.xml

Edit phixflow-datasource.xml to add the aliases for the PhixFlow database username and password. For example:

Code Block
<property name="username">
	<value>phixflow-database-user</value>
</property>
<property name="password">
	<value>phixflow-database-password</value>
</property>

Step

4 

2  Set the Environment Variable

Note

We recommend that you use an environment variable for the keystore password, as it provides additional security.
If you do not set an environment variable, you must include the keystore password in phixflow-secret.xml.

Create an environment variable with the form <variable-name>: <keystore-password>


In WindowsIn Linux
<variable-name>

In Windows:  In the environment variable, specify any variable name you choose.

Use the EnvironmentFile directive in the systemd service definition.
Ensure that only root can read/write EnvironmentFile.

For information about how to set environment variables in Linux, see:

<keystore-password>

Specify the password for the keystore.


Warning

Never add the keystore password to the profile for the Tomcat user.

Step

5 

3  Configure phixflow-secret.xml

Copy phixflow-secret.xml.example to phixflow-secret.xml and edit it to set the values as follows:

Required?PropertyValueExample
RequiredkeystoreTypeThe type of the keystore, either PKCS12 or JCEKS

<!-- keystore type (PKCS12 or JCEKS) -->
<property name="keystoreType">
   <value>PKCS12</value>
</property>

RequiredkeystoreFile

The path to the keystore.

<!-- keystore filepath  -->
<property name="keystoreFile">
   <value>/opt/secure/

hidden

keystore.jks</value>
</property>

Either
(recommended)		keystorePassEnvironmentVariable

The name of the environment variable.

Use <!-- and --> to comment out the keystorePass property.


Info

When specifying the value for the password in an environment variable, the value entered should adhere the policy of the environment variables for your operating system. 


<!-- keystore password -->
<property name="keystorePassEnvironmentVariable"

>    <value>KEY

><value>KEY_PASS</value>
</property>

OrkeystorePass

The password for the keystore.

Use <!-- and --> to comment out the keystorePassEnvironmentVariable property.

Info

When specifying the value for the password in the phixflow-secret.xml, special characters will need to be escaped.


<!-- keystore password -->
<property name="keystorePass">
   <value>storepw</value>
</property>


Warning

On startup, PhixFlow checks that there is one password mechanism,

 either 

 either keystorePassEnvironmentVariable or keystorePass. Do not specify both as this will prevent PhixFlow from running.

Understanding How PhixFlow Uses A Keystore

When PhixFlow is running, it provides the account credentials to its database as follows:

  1. phixflow-datasource.xml stores alias credentials for the database. It requests actual credentials from phixflow-secret.xml.
  2. phixflow-secret.xml asks the keystore for the actual credentials.
    1. The keystore password is configured as an environment variable This file stores the location of the keystore file and optionally its password (2a in the diagram below).
    2. Alternatively, phixflow-secret.xml stores the location of the keystore file and optionally its password (2b in the diagram below)
  3. The keystore file returns the actual account credentials to phixflow-secret
  4. which, in turn, passes the actual credentials to phixflow-datasource.xml.
  5. phixflow-datasource.xml then uses the actual credentials to log into the database, so that PhixFlow can update it.

This is shown in the diagram below.

Image Removed

 How PhixFlow authenticates to its database using a keystore

Details used in the diagramKeystore file namehidden.jksKeystore passwordstorepwEnvironment variable nameKEY_PASSEnvironment variable value
(the keystore password)storepwPhixFlow database credentialsUsernamePasswordActual

phixFlow

P*59word



Alias

phixflow-database-user

phixflow-database-password

Changing the Keystore Password

It is not possible to change the password directly on the keystore file as this corrupts its values. Instead we recommend creating a new keystore file and importing the original values into it.

The process to create a new keystore is:

  1. Tomcat needs to be stopped.
  2. Rename your original keystore file e.g. keystoreOld.jks.
  3. Use the importkeystore command to import the existing keystore into a a new keystore, at which point you will be prompted for the password for the original keystore and then a new password for the new keystore.
    1. Give the new keystore the original keystore's name e.g. keystore.jks. 
  4. Depending on your configuration, you will need to update local.properties, phixFlow-secret.xml or the environment variable, with the new keystore password.

Examples

Code Block
titleLinux
linenumberstrue
keytool -importkeystore \
 -srckeystore keystoreOld.jks -srcstoretype PKCS12 \
 -destkeystore keystore.jks -deststoretype PKCS12


Code Block
titleWindows
linenumberstrue
keytool -importkeystore \
 -srckeystore keystoreOld.jks -srcstoretype PKCS12 \
 -destkeystore keystore.jks -deststoretype PKCS12